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The Citric Acid Cycle: A Closed Loop

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The citric acid cycle is a closed loop in the mitochondrial matrix that regenerates its own starting compound, unlike glycolysis's linear path.

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Acetyl CoA joins oxaloacetate to form citrate, and eight steps later the cycle regenerates oxaloacetate for another turn.

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The cycle does not consume citrate as fuel, nor does it take up oxygen — it hands electrons to a separate chain.