Dilution of Solutions
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State
Dilution lowers a solution's concentration by adding solvent while the moles of dissolved solute stay unchanged.
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Because moles of solute are conserved during dilution, an initial molarity and volume satisfy the same product as the diluted molarity and volume.
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A common error treats added solvent volume as the solution's final volume in M1V1 = M2V2, rather than the diluted solution's total volume.