Growth Hormone: Direct and Indirect Mechanisms
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Growth hormone acts directly on adipose and liver tissue to raise blood glucose and fatty acid availability, and indirectly through liver insulin-like growth factors that drive tissue growth.
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Underproduction of growth hormone in children can result in pituitary dwarfism; overproduction can result in gigantism.
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Growth hormone's direct effect raises blood glucose, resembling diabetes mellitus's effect, though the two conditions have different causes.