Thyroid Hormones and Metabolic Rate
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Thyroid hormones T3 and T4, released under thyroid-stimulating hormone control, raise cellular metabolic rate and heat production by increasing mitochondrial ATP output across most tissue.
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Inadequate dietary iodine prevents T3 and T4 synthesis, producing the thyroid enlargement called goiter as TSH keeps stimulating the gland.
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T4 releases in far greater amounts, but T3 is the more active form once tissues convert it.