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Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

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The rough endoplasmic reticulum is a membrane network studded with ribosomes that modifies newly made proteins and synthesizes membrane phospholipids.

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Liver cells, which secrete large amounts of protein, carry an especially dense rough endoplasmic reticulum.

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The rough ER's ribosomes sit on its cytoplasmic surface — they are the same ribosomes described at Bio 0269, only positioned differently.