Double Fertilization Detail: Endosperm and Seed Coat Development
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Beyond Bio 2199's two-sperm fertilization, one polar-nuclei fusion product becomes triploid endosperm for seed nourishment, while the ovule's integuments become the seed coat.
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A corn kernel's starchy interior is endosperm nourishing the embryo; its tough covering is the seed coat from the ovule's integuments.
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Endosperm is triploid, from fusing one sperm with two polar nuclei — different ploidy than the diploid embryo.