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Biology / Unit 11   Bio 2617 short lesson, about 20 seconds

Double Fertilization Detail: Endosperm and Seed Coat Development

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The idea

Beyond Bio 2199's two-sperm fertilization, one polar-nuclei fusion product becomes triploid endosperm for seed nourishment, while the ovule's integuments become the seed coat.

In practice

A corn kernel's starchy interior is endosperm nourishing the embryo; its tough covering is the seed coat from the ovule's integuments.

Where people slip

Endosperm is triploid, from fusing one sperm with two polar nuclei — different ploidy than the diploid embryo.

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