Water Potential: Solute, Pressure, Gravity, Matric Components
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A plant's water potential sums four components — solute, pressure, gravity, and matric potential — and water always moves from higher to lower total water potential.
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Dissolved solute lowers a cell's water potential below that of the surrounding soil, driving water inward by osmosis, per Bio 0347.
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Water responds to total water potential only, never to any one component considered alone.