Homology and Analogy, Applied to Phylogenetics
This video presents the same text shown beside it, spoken and on screen. It adds nothing the text does not say.
State
Building an accurate phylogeny depends on sorting homologous traits, per Bio 1659, from analogous ones, per Bio 1663, since only homology signals shared ancestry.
Show
Grouping bats and birds by wing shape alone would wrongly imply close ancestry, since flight evolved independently, or analogously, in each.
Watch for
Mistaking an analogous trait for a homologous one produces a phylogeny that misreports which lineages share ancestry.