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Franklin and Gosling's X-Ray Diffraction (1953)

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Rosalind Franklin and Raymond Gosling produced Photo 51 in 1952, an X-ray diffraction image whose measurements of DNA's helical structure they published in 1953.

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Photo 51's X-shaped pattern revealed DNA's helical geometry and the spacing between its repeating turns.

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This data was the structural evidence the double-helix model was built from — Franklin's contribution was not a secondary or incidental one.