Hershey and Chase's Blender Experiment (1952)
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Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase confirmed DNA as the genetic material in 1952 by radioactively labeling a bacteriophage's protein and DNA separately.
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Only the phage's DNA label entered infected bacterial cells; the protein label stayed outside and was removed by blending.
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The experiment traced which molecule enters the host cell — it did not itself reveal DNA's structure.