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Social Sciences and History / Unit 13   SSH 1215 short lesson, about 20 seconds

Substitutes, Complements, Normal, Inferior

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The idea

Substitutes can replace one another, more of one, less of the other; complements are used together, more of one, more of the other. A normal good's quantity demanded rises with income; an inferior good's falls as income rises. All four are demand shifters.

In practice

Tea and coffee; coffee and cream; steak and noodles.

Where people slip

Inferior describes income response, not quality.

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