Formula Mass for Covalent Compounds
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A covalent compound's formula mass is the sum of the average atomic masses of every atom shown in its molecular formula.
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Chloroform, CHCl3, sums one carbon, one hydrogen, and three chlorine average masses to a formula mass near 119.37 amu.
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Counting chlorine only once in CHCl3, instead of three times as its subscript requires, undercounts the formula mass by two chlorine masses.