Signal Transduction and Receptor Dimerization
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Signal transduction converts an extracellular signal into an intracellular one as a bound ligand triggers a conformational change, sometimes causing two receptors to dimerize.
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Ligand binding causes two receptor tyrosine kinases to dimerize, bringing their intracellular domains close enough to activate each other.
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Signal transduction happens only at cell-surface receptors — an internal receptor's ligand-DNA interaction does not count.