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Nitric Oxide as a Gaseous Ligand

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Nitric oxide is a short-lived gaseous ligand that diffuses directly across the plasma membrane and acts only over short distances before it degrades.

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Nitroglycerin treats heart disease by triggering nitric oxide release, which relaxes smooth muscle in blood vessels and restores blood flow.

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Nitric oxide's very short half-life limits its reach — it cannot function as a long-distance, endocrine-style ligand.

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