The Sodium-Potassium Pump
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The sodium-potassium pump uses ATP to move three sodium ions out for every two potassium ions in, both against their gradients.
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This pump keeps sodium concentrated outside animal cells and potassium inside, the imbalance behind Bio 0360's gradient.
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The unequal ratio, three out for two in, makes this pump electrogenic, shifting the interior slightly more negative each cycle.