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Sympathetic Nervous System

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The sympathetic nervous system drives the "fight or flight" response, accelerating heart rate and inhibiting digestion to prepare the body for exertion under threat.

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Postganglionic sympathetic neurons release norepinephrine on target organs, while the adrenal medulla adds more into circulation.

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Sympathetic activation is pervasive by design — one preganglionic neuron's amplified reach produces a whole-body rush, not a local effect.