Western Civilization I / Unit 12 WC1 1121 short lesson, about 20 seconds
Stronger States and Northern Italy Rising
Captions available
The idea
The anchor's conclusion: France and England emerged stronger and more centralized, the labor shortage gave modest growth, culture turned pessimistic and xenophobic, and northern Italy rose on long-distance trade, where the Renaissance began.
In practice
England's centralization came after a civil war, unit 14's subject.
Where people slip
The crises' winners were states and Italian cities. Keep both.
Your place on the trail
Every lesson rests on earlier ones and opens later ones. Tap any to jump.
Builds on
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