Diatomic Elements
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Seven elements exist naturally as two-atom molecules rather than single atoms: hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.
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A sample of pure oxygen gas is made of O2 molecules, never lone oxygen atoms drifting separately in the container.
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These seven are memorized as a fixed list, not derived from a rule — no simple pattern on the periodic table predicts them.
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