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Biogeography and Abiotic Distribution Factors

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Biogeography studies how abiotic factors — temperature, water, light, and soil nutrients — shape where species are geographically distributed.

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Traveling from the equator toward the poles crosses tropical forest, desert, grassland, and tundra in a sequence abiotic gradients predict.

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A species' range reflects abiotic tolerance and biotic interaction together — neither factor alone fully explains a distribution.