Open versus Closed Circulatory Systems
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State
An open circulatory system releases blood into open body cavities where it bathes tissue directly; a closed system keeps blood confined within vessels throughout its circuit.
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An insect's hemolymph pools around organs; a vertebrate's blood stays inside arteries, veins, and capillaries.
Watch for
An open system moves blood at lower pressure, limiting how quickly it delivers oxygen to active tissue.
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