Educational Psychology / Unit 5 EDP 0421 worked example, 60 to 90 seconds
Diagnosing a Strategy Deficiency
The idea
Children's difficulties with memory strategies fall into three kinds. A mediation deficiency means the child cannot use the strategy even when shown it. A production deficiency means the child can use it but does not do so spontaneously. A utilization deficiency means the child uses the strategy but gains little from it at first. Telling them apart depends on what happens when the strategy is prompted, and on whether it helps once it is used.
In practice
Worked example: a child who groups picture cards by category when reminded, but never does it alone, has a production deficiency, not a mediation one.
Where people slip
A utilization deficiency can look like a failed strategy, but it is a normal early phase in which benefit has not yet arrived. Prompting cures a production deficiency but not a mediation one, which is why the prompt test comes first.
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