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Restricting a Domain for an Inverse

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State

A function that fails one-to-one earns an inverse by domain restriction: keep a piece where no output repeats, invert the piece.

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f(x) = x² fails the horizontal line test — but restricted to [0, ∞) it passes, and its inverse is √x: f⁻¹(9) = 3, the nonnegative root.

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