Halogen Physical State Tracks London Dispersion Forces
This video presents the same text shown beside it, spoken and on screen. It adds nothing the text does not say.
State
Among halogens, physical state progresses gas to liquid to solid down the group as molecular mass and polarizability rise, strengthening London dispersion forces.
Show
Fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine a liquid, and iodine a solid, all at room temperature.
Watch for
Covalent bonding within each diatomic molecule does not change down the group — only the weak intermolecular attraction does, per Unit 8.
Builds on
Unlocks
- Nothing yet depends on this.