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Capstone: One Redox Couple, Three Cell Types

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State

This capstone follows one copper-zinc redox couple through a galvanic cell generating current, a battery packaging that same reaction for portable use, and an electrolytic cell forcing the reverse reaction, showing all three are the identical redox chemistry arranged toward different ends.

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Assuming a "dead" battery has undergone some different, irreversible kind of chemistry, rather than merely having its galvanic reaction run to near completion in the forward direction, is the misreading that makes recharging seem like a separate mystery instead of ordinary electrolysis.