Sign of ΔG Predicts Spontaneity
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State
At constant temperature and pressure, a process is spontaneous if ΔG is negative, nonspontaneous if ΔG is positive, and at equilibrium if ΔG is exactly zero.
Show
A reaction with ΔG = −120 kJ proceeds spontaneously forward as written under those conditions.
Watch for
ΔG's sign says nothing about how fast a spontaneous reaction proceeds — that question stays with Unit 9, per Chem 2063.