Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum
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The small intestine divides into the duodenum, where chyme meets pancreatic and bile secretions and most chemical digestion occurs; the jejunum, absorbing most nutrients; and the ileum, absorbing bile salts and vitamins.
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The duodenum neutralizes acidic chyme with pancreatic bicarbonate before digestion continues.
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The vermiform appendix sits at the ileum's junction with the large intestine but plays no significant digestive role itself.