Skip to main content

Determining Molar Mass from Measured Gas Properties

This video presents the same text shown beside it, spoken and on screen. It adds nothing the text does not say.

State

Determining an unknown gas's molar mass means measuring a sample's mass, pressure, volume, and temperature, then substituting into the rearranged ideal gas law to solve for molar mass directly.

Show

A 0.494-g sample of vaporized chloroform fills a 129 cm³ flask at 99.6 °C and 742.1 mm Hg. Converting volume to 0.129 L, temperature to 372.75 K, and pressure to 0.9764 atm, then solving molar mass = (mass × R × temperature) / (pressure × volume), gives a molar mass near 119 g/mol, matching chloroform's known formula mass of 119.4 g/mol.

Watch for

Forgetting to convert the flask's Celsius temperature and mm Hg pressure into kelvin and atmospheres before substituting produces a molar mass off by a large, unit-driven factor rather than a small rounding error near the true value.